'; On 21 January 1951, Lt. Col. William Bertram, commander of the 523rd Fighter-Escort Squadron, shot down the first MiG-15 for the wing and became the first F-84 pilot with a confirmed MiG kill. var newImgHgt = (origImgHgt * ratio); }, Afterward, engaged primarily in bombardment of strategic targets in Europe. Although there were many available which were returned from Twentieth Air Force in the Pacific Theater they were war-weary from the many long combat missions flown during the war. On the night of 1920 February, the RAF bombed Leipzig with 823 aircraft. At MacDill, Eighth Air Force headquarters were manned chiefly by personnel from the 58th Bombardment Wing, Very Heavy, stationed at Fort Worth Army Air Fied, Texas. 1st Air Division: 1943-1945. Also after the deployment of forces to Far East Air Force to engage in combat over Korea, the history of Eighth Air Force becomes indistinguishable from that of SAC. The 8th Air Force motto is "Peace Through Strength. Importantly, the Eighth's bombing effectiveness influenced the North Vietnamese to end hostilities. Notably, the 1 June 1992 change inactivated SAC and the Tactical Air Command (TAC), and reassigned the Mighty Eighth to the new Air Combat Command (ACC). A lack of fuel and available pilots for the new jets greatly reduced their effectiveness. On 1 January, the entire German fighter force in the West, comprising combat aircraft from some eleven Jagdgeschwader day fighter wings, took off and attacked 27 Allied airfields in northern France, Belgium and the southern part of the Netherlands in an attempt by the Luftwaffe to cripple Allied air forces in the Low Countries of Europe. On 24 February, with the weather clearing over central Germany, Eighth Air Force sent over 800 bombers, hitting Schweinfurt and attacks on the Baltic coast, with a total of 11 B-17s being lost. if ($(".fancybox-caption__body").hasClass("af3-caption-body")) { $(".fancybox-content").css("transform", On 27 June, the United Nations Security Council voted to assist the South Koreans in resisting the invasion. We must have a valid email address! var dstLeft = Math.floor((winWth - newImgWth)) / 2; However, the Luftwaffe jets were simply too few and too late to have any serious effect on the Allied air armadas now sweeping over the Reich with near-impunity. After the war in Europe, the Mighty Eighth moved to Okinawa in July 1945, where the unit started to train new bomber groups for combat against Japan. Join Our Newsletter. By the time the group rotated back to the United States, they had flown more than 23,000 combat hours in more than 12,000 sorties. $(window).on("resize", function (event) { Based in Parham, England, the 390th Bombardment Group (H) flew 301 combat missions against German military targets. REGISTRATIONRegister for the 2023 Reunion, REUNION SCHEDULEClick here to view the schedule, TOUR INFORMATIONClick here to view more information on the tours. return '
' The Mighty Eighth's B-52 force consists of 76 bombers assigned to two active duty wings, the 2d Bomb Wing at Barksdale Air Force Base, Louisiana and the 5th Bomb Wing at Minot Air Force Base, North Dakota, and one reserve wing, the 307th Bomb Wing at Barksdale Air Force Base, Louisiana. Dates shown are when the Group was operational. if ($(".af3-caption-body").length > 0 && $(".af3-caption-body").css("height") != undefined) { His administration chose to invest in the Air Force, especially Strategic Air Command. [6] Alerted to the attack, the airfield defences were prepared for the raid when it arrived. $(".fancybox-caption").removeClass("af3-caption-bg"); //initial desktop view $(document).ready(function () { Following the end of the war in Europe in May 1945 plans were made to transfer some of the B-17/B-24 heavy bomber groups of Eighth Air Force to the Pacific Theater of Operations and upgrade them to Boeing B-29 Superfortress Very Heavy (VH) bomb groups. } displayhgt = "90vh"; function closeDetails() { About 23 February, the VIII BC moved to England, first to Daws Hill and later to High Wycombe, where it established its wartime headquarters in the Wycombe Abbey school for girls. Pearl Harbor had just been bombed about a month and a half earlier. Over the years, the Society has become a strong organization with an emphasis on remembering and honoring our comrades who served with distinction: the men who flew, the many thousands of ground crews, and those who worked in the background. First Name. As a professional researcher and World War II historian, Bill Beigel provides research services to genealogists, historians, authors, and civilians who are looking for information found in WW2 military unit records. The USAAF now finally had an aircraft that could compete on equal terms with the Focke-Wulf Fw 190 and the later models of the Messerschmitt Bf 109. An Eighth Air Force unit, the 2d Bomb Wing, spearheaded the air campaign by dispatching B-52s from Barksdale to launch conventional air-launched cruise missiles against Iraqi targets. By 6 June, Allied fighter pilots had succeeded in damaging or destroying hundreds of locomotives, thousands of motorized vehicles, and many bridges. Fifteenth Air Force relocated to March Air Force Base, California. The ALLIED FORCE campaign also marked the Eighth's return to Europe and the participation of U.S. bombers in the North Atlantic Treaty Organization's (NATO) first combat operation. In 1965, Eighth Air Force entered combat again, this time in Southeast Asia. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. Click here to read to learn more about the history of the 8th Air Force. The 1948 blockade of West Berlin by the Eastern bloc and the outbreak of the Cold War caused the United States to deploy SAC's B-29 bomber force back to the United Kingdom and West Germany. At peak strength, Eighth Air Force had forty heavy bomber groups, fifteen fighter groups, and four specialized support groups. The 398th was part of the 8th Air Force 1st Air Division during WWII and was one of many B-17 Bomb Groups stationed in England. At all heights, the rate of climb was approximately doubled. On at least eighteen occasions, the Merseburg refineries in Leuna, where the majority of Germany's synthetic fuel for jet aircraft was refined, was hit. Stations: Langley Field, Va, 1 Feb 1942; Savannah AB, Ga, c. 10 Feb 1942; Daws Hill, England, 23 Feb 1942; High Wycombe, England, 15 May 1942-16 Jul 1945; Okinawa, 16 Jul 19457 Jun 1946; MacDill Field, Fla, 7 Jun 1946; Ft Worth AAFld, Tex, I Nov 1946; Westover AFB, Mass, Jun 1g55-. else { It dispersed its planes to a large number of bases across the United States so as not to have too many concentrated at a single location. Fifteen Allied bombers were attacked, eight were successfully destroyed. Personnel and group records to digital. }, For two years, the wing remained in this status until the 58th Bomb Wing was inactivated on 16 October 1948. Half of the U.S. Army Air Forces' casualties in World War II were suffered by Eighth Air Force (more than 47,000 casualties, with more than 26,000 dead). Rudder, James E. 2nd Ranger Battalion; 109th Infantry Regiment, 28th Infantry Division 53; 243; 384; 476; 557 . Were proud to be able to present archival issues below: INSTRUCTIONSStart here! The Me 262A was a difficult foe for the P-47s and P-51s, possessing a distinct speed advantage. showFBShare() + The Me 262 was also less maneuverable than the P-51 and so trained Allied pilots could turn tighter than an Me 262A. During the Cold War (1945-1991), 8 AF was one of three Numbered Air Forces of the United States Air Force's Strategic Air Command (SAC), with a three-star general headquartered at Westover Air Force Base, Massachusetts commanding USAF strategic bombers and missiles on a global scale. U.S. Military Personnel that Served in WWII. The effect of the Mustangs, fully operating as an air supremacy fighter force, on the Luftwaffe defenders was arguably swift and decisive. return caption; Units assigned to Eighth Air Force in the Pacific were: The atomic bombings of Japan led to the Japanese surrender before Eighth Air Force saw action in the Pacific theater. Throughout the first six months of Enduring Freedom, the Mighty Eighth's bombers were instrumental in the eradication of many targets and opposing combatants in Afghanistan. (Approved 20 May 1943. Commanding Officers Connections Eighth Air Force carried out strategic daytime bombing operations in Western Europe from airfields in eastern England as part of the Combined Bomber Offensive. See What the 8th Air Force is up to Today! isMobile = true; The 8th Air Force Historical Society was created in 1975 to preserve the legacy of the Mighty Eighth and the part it played in World War II. VIII Bomber Command, re-designated as Eighth Air Force, and Ninth Air Force were assigned to (USSTAF). The 8th AF was primarily engaged in the bombardment of strategic targets in Europe. function getDetailsURL(fbObj) { On 22 March, over 800 bombers, led by H2X radar equipped bombers hit Berlin yet again, bombing targets through a thick rainy overcast causing more destruction to various industries. During the Cold War (19451991), 8 AF was one of three Numbered Air Forces of the United States Air Force's Strategic Air Command (SAC), with a three-star general headquartered at Westover Air Force Base, Massachusetts commanding USAF strategic bombers and missiles on a global scale. By mid-1944, Eighth Air Force had reached a total strength of more than 200,000 people (it is estimated that more than 350,000 Americans served in Eighth Air Force during the war in Europe). 466th Bombardment Group - 8th Air Force 468th Bomber Group - 20th Air Force 488th Bombardment Group 493rd bombardment group - 8th Air Force 497th Bomber Group - 20th Air Force. These bomb wings were drastically undermanned and under equipped. } On 4 January 1944, the Consolidated B-24 Liberators and B-17s based in England flew their last mission as a subordinate part of VIII Bomber Command. Two days later, on 23 January, the 27th FEW participated in the raid on Sinuju Airfield in North Korea and shot down four more MiG-15s. function isMobile() { 41-24577) of the 358th Bomb Squadron, 303rd Bomb Group, RAF Molesworth. Their children and descendants, who are representatives of these Veterans, saw the need to keep the history and experiences of these warriors alive. In 2000, the Air Force decided to integrate information operations into Eighth Air Force. The other American-flown Boston had been shot down over De Kooy[6]. . Elements of 8 AF engaged in combat operations during the Korean War (19501953); Vietnam War (19611975), as well as Operation Desert Storm (19901991) over Iraq and occupied Kuwait in the First Persian Gulf War. Over 950 fighters had been sent west from the Eastern Front for "Operation Bodenplatte". By the end of 1944, only three out of ninety-one refineries in the Reich were still working normally, twenty-nine were partially functional, and the remainder were completely destroyed. Cold and clear weather was predicted for the last week of February 1944. var ratio = Math.min(winWth / origImgWth, As part of this game-changing strategy, especially after the bombers had hit their targets, the USAAF's fighters were then free to strafe German airfields and transport while returning to base, contributing significantly to the achievement of air superiority by Allied air forces over Europe. The 8th lost 31 bombers, the 15th lost 33. Bomber wings of the 8th Air Force include: This article incorporates public domain material from Eighth Air Force. The photograph shows housing destroyed by the RAF during night raids. Their children and descendants, who are representatives of these Veterans, saw the need to keep the history and experiences of these warriors alive. Our research database contains information on Bomber, Fighter and Service Groups, their Bases both in England and the United States, Daily Missions and Targets throughout Europe. By 1945, all but one of the Eighth Air Force fighter groups were equipped with the P-51D. After Korean War, on 13 June 1955 SAC moved the unit to Westover AFB, Massachusetts, where it transitioned to the jet age. var newImgWth = (origImgWth * ratio); B-17s hit the Skoda armaments factory at Pilsen in Czechoslovakia, while B-24s bombed rail complexes in Bad Reichenhall and Freilassing, surrounding Hitler's mountain retreat at Berchtesgaden. Eighth Air Force trains, tests, exercises and demonstrates combat-ready forces for rapid employment worldwide. Over 60 Luftwaffe fighters were shot down with a loss of 19 US bombers and 5 US fighters. They numbered 350,000 men and women with over 54,000 killed in combat or taken prisoner. var isMobile = false; //initiate as false Major General Jimmy Doolittle relinquished command of the Fifteenth Air Force to Major General Nathan F. Twining and on January 6, 1944, took over command of the Eighth Air Force from Lieutenant General Ira C. Eaker at RAF Daws Hill. Having almost total air superiority throughout the collapsing German Reich, Eighth Air Force hit targets as far east as Hungary, while Fifteenth Air Force hit oil industry facilities in Yugoslavia, Romania, and northeastern Italy. have served in the 8th Air Force since World War II. This air power includes the heart of America's heavy bomber force, deploying the Rockwell B-1 Lancer, Northrop Grumman B-2 Spirit and the Boeing B-52 Stratofortress. [citation needed]. Download Hi-Res These data were taken from the Loading Lists of the 385th BG combat missions missions, preserved in the U. S. National Archives in College Park, MD. let displayhgt = "95vh"; They did not realize that they were over Dutch territory; 850 civilians, including children on their way to school, were among the casualties. let isDesktopInit = false; On 8 March, another raid of 600 bombers and 200 fighters hit the Berlin area again, destroying the VKF ball-bearing plant at Erkner. Join the Society to help preserve the legacy of the veterans of the Mighty Eighth Air Force. The Eighth Air Force was specifically charged with the atomic mission; however, only the 509th Composite Group at Roswell AAF had B-29s that had the capability to drop nuclear weapons the 7th Bomb Group at Fort Worth AAF was modifying their aircraft to carry the atomic bomb. 5 months ago. } var origImgHgt = $(".fancybox-image").prop("naturalHeight"); On 22 February 1944, due to many mistakes, Nijmegen was bombarded by twelve aircraft of the 446th Bombardment Group and two aircraft of the 453rd. Last Name. By war's end, they had been awarded a number of other medals to include 220 Distinguished Service Crosses, and 442,000 Air Medals. fbObj.find(".actions .details").attr("href") + Nick was a life member of the 8th Air Force Historical Society, the 15th Air Force Association and the 414th Bombardment Squadron, 97th Bombardment Group Association. United States 8th Air Force, WWII Welcome to the 96th Bombardment Group(H) Station 138 - Snetterton, England. That base assignment lasted until November 1950, when SAC transferred the Eighth to Carswell AFB (formerly Fort Worth Army Air Field), Texas. With Doolittle's permission, American fighter pilots on bomber defense missions would primarily be flying far ahead of the bombers' combat box formations in air supremacy mode, literally "clearing the skies" of any Luftwaffe fighter opposition heading towards the target. Spaatz and Doolittle's plan was to use the US Strategic Air Forces in a series of co-ordinated raids, code-named Operation 'Argument' (popularly known as 'Big Week' ) and supported by RAF night bombing, on the German aircraft industry at the earliest possible date. return; Each 8th Air Force WWII Decal is made with the highest quality 2.5mil High Gloss 5-Year Calendared vinyl. Since 1994, the Eighth has participated in a string of contingency operations, such as the 1996 Operation DESERT STRIKE against Iraq, the 1998 Operation DESERT FOX against Iraq, which featured the B-1B in its combat debut, and 1999 Operation ALLIED FORCE against the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, which involved the B-2A Spirit in its first combat. He established the 8th Air Force Headquarters at Bushy Park (Teddington, Middlesex), 15 miles west southwest of the center of London on 25 June 1942. were missing in action and never accounted for as to their whereabouts. In addition, almost 300 German aircraft of all types were destroyed in strafing attacks. Official homepage of the 385th bomb group association. The Air Force retired nearly all of its piston-engined B-29/B-50s and they were replaced by new Boeing B-47 Stratojet aircraft. getDetailsURL($(this).parent()) + Hard copies will be available for an additional $25 per year. afterLoad: function (instance, current) { } VIDEO (silent): 8th AF mission to Muenster, Germany. Writing about our entire adventure would take a great deal more space than this article . As the new commander of the Eighth Air Force from January 1944 onwards, Major General Jimmy Doolittle's major influence on the European air war occurred early that year when he made a critical change to the policy requiring escorting fighters to remain with the bombers at all times. Eighth Air Force is one of two active duty numbered air forces in Air Force Global Strike Command. With each step through 2002, the Eighth continues to add more feats to its growing legacy. ), Data from Air Force Combat Units of World War II By Maurer, Maurer, Published 1986. The Eighth's combat record also shows 566 aces (261 fighter pilots with 31 having 15 or more victories and 305 enlisted gunners), over 440,000 bomber sorties to drop 697,000 tons of bombs, and over 5,100 aircraft losses and 11,200 aerial victories. The vinyl used is UV and water resistant, and will last many years without . winHgt / origImgHgt); In the planned invasion of Japan, the mission of Eighth Air Force would be to conduct B-29 Superfortress raids from Okinawa in coordination with Twentieth Air Force operating from airfields in the Mariana Islands.[12]. Constituted as VIII Bomber Command on 19 Jan 1942. Eighth Air Force spent its first decade in the continental U.S. building up its strategic capabilities. (left) took the Eighth Air Force Bomber Command Headquarters to England the next month and located at High Wycombe, about 40 miles west of London and on the road to Oxford. The Eighth received its first B-29 Superfortress on 8 August 1945. One notable Eighth Air Force casualty was Brigadier General Arthur W. Vanaman, Chief of Intelligence, who was captured by the Germans in northern France on 27 June 1944, becoming the highest-ranked American POW captured in Europe during the war.[11]. } Support to the latter command included the operation of Task Force 204 (bombers). It was created from a. ROSTER OF AIRMEN. There were 261 fighter aces in the Eighth Air Force during World War II. The Mighty Eighth's modern history is equally impressive. During World War II, Eighth Air Force earned a reputation as a great warfighting organization. The engine was to be the Packard V-1650-3, based on the Rolls-Royce Merlin Mk68. On 1 May, over 1,300 Eighth Air Force heavy bombers made an all-out attack on the enemy's rail network, striking at targets in France and Belgium. Beech, Keyes Correspondent, US Marines 401 . The B-2 force consists of 20 bombers assigned to the active duty 509th Bomb Wing along with the Missouri Air National Guard's associate 131st Bomb Wing at Whiteman AFB, Missouri. History. On 7 May, another 1,000 bombers hit additional targets along the English Channel coast, hitting fortifications, bridges and marshaling areas. '
' + function showFBShare() { Compiled by Bill Varnedoe. 8th AF 448th BG World War II. It is headquartered at Barksdale Air Force Base, Louisiana. It became operational on 7 November 1942 (along with the 44th, 91st and 303rd . In all, twelve aircraft factories were attacked, with the B-17s heading to Leipzig (Allgemeine Transportanlagen-Gesellschaft[de] Junkers Ju 88 production and Erla Maschinenwerk[de] Messerschmitt Bf 109 fighters), Bernburg-Strenzfeld (Junkers Ju 88 plant) and Oschersleben (AGO plant making Focke Wulf Fw 190A fighters), while the B-24s hitting the Gothaer Waggonfabrik (production of Messerschmitt Bf 110 heavy fighters), the Fw 190 Arado Flugzeugwerke plant at Tutow and Heinkel's "Heinkel-Nord" headquarters at Rostock (production of He 111 bombers). return ''; [9] Doolittle was well known to American airmen as the famous "Tokyo Raider" and former air racer. Although Eighth Air Force's strategic bomber force was not committed to combat in Korea, the Eighth deployed the 27th Fighter Escort Wing for combat action in Korea and earned numerous honors and awards for their combat record during the Korean War. The original Eighth Air Force was redesignated as the United States Strategic Air Forces (USSTAF). caption += $(this).find('figcaption').html() + The operation failed to achieve air superiority, even temporarily, and the German Army continued to be exposed to air attack. By the time of the outbreak of the Korean War in June 1950, Eighth Air Force consisted of the following units: On 25 June 1950, the armed forces of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (North Korea) invaded South Korea. if (isMobile()) On this mission, he sat in the co-pilot's seat of the lead B-17, Butcher Shop[8][self-published source] The pilot in command and leader of this historic mission was Paul Tibbets, who on 6 August 1945, dropped the first Atomic Bomb, Little Boy, on Hiroshima from the Boeing B-29 Superfortress, Enola Gay. At Andersen AFB, the Eighth took over the direction of all bombing and refueling operations in Southeast Asia. Constituted as Philippine Department AF on 16 Aug 1941. That same day, the VIII BC became Eighth Air Force. }); Since 1994, the Eighth has participated in a string of contingency operations, such as the 1996 Operation "Desert Strike" against Iraq] the 1998 Operation "Desert Fox" (similarly named but in no way associated with Field Marshal Erwin Rommel) against Iraq, which featured the B-1 Lancer in its combat debut, and 1999 Operation "Allied Force" against the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, which involved the B-2A Spirit. Both Davis-Monthan and Fort Worth Army Airfields were B-29 training bases during World War II, and the Eighth Air Force Bomb Groups were simply activated at the same field and on the same day as the original Army Air Force Continental Air Forces training bomb groups were inactivated. 8th Air Force commander relieves two commanders at Minot. Photo Details Luftwaffe airfields that were identified as jet and rocket bases, such as Parchim and Bad Zwischenahn, were frequently bombed, and Allied fighters patrolled over the fields to attack jets trying to land. $(".fancybox-caption").removeClass("desktop-init"); On July 4th, 1942 the first American bomber mission flown from England by the U.S Army Air Forces (AAF) flew towards the occupied Netherlands. was activated on 28 January 1942 at the Chatham Armory in Savannah, Georgia. For information on any of the names listed below, . Thank you for visiting our site. World War II U.S. Military Records Search. On 16 April, this record was broken when over 700 German aircraft were destroyed on the ground. Attack, the VIII BC became Eighth Air Force Base, California, possessing a speed. Many years without speed advantage exercises and demonstrates combat-ready forces for rapid employment worldwide they were replaced by Boeing. On 19 Jan 1942. 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8th air force wwii roster