The 1964 Gulf of Tonkin Resolution, in which Congress authorized President Lyndon Johnson to wage an undeclared war in Vietnam, was passed after North Vietnamese torpedo boats allegedly attacked US ships. Although calculations are complex, total military spending accounted for an estimated 43 percent to 48 percent of discretionary spending in 2011 (Friends Committee on National Legislation, 2012; War Resisters League, 2012). It includes a range of topics on social science and humanities, such as history, culture, geography, sociology, education, etc. Stopping Americas most lethal export. Joshua Risner, US Army, http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:US_Army_51817_ BAGHDAD_-_Iraqi_Soldiers,_with_the_6th_IA_Division,_ familiarize_themselves_with_their_targets_and_prepare_ for_a_PKC_machine_gun_range_at_Combat _Outpost_402,_here,_Sept._28._In_addition_to_ marksmanship.jpg. The suicide rate of Iraq and Afghanistan veterans is thus more than three times higher than that of the general public (Martinez & Bingham, 2011). Human and human social systems are matter. As a result, reported rapes and sexual assaults compose only a very small percentage of all military rapes and sexual assaults. Other political and economic changes brought by war are less obvious. Marcum has joined a growing community of spouses, parents and partners who, confronted with damaged loved ones returning from war who can no longer do for themselves, drop most everything in their own lives to care for them. napalm sticks to kids. It is a tremendously important branch of research that examines what it means to be a social being, how individuals function together as organized groups and societies, and how they interact with each other on issues of common interest. (2012, January 12). towards a more balanced coverage of wider strategic issues, requiring a level of analytical and conceptual thinking. Gleditsch, N. P., & Theisen, O. M. (2010). Special Issues are led by Guest Editors who are experts in the subject and oversee the editorial process for papers. Retrieved from http://www.thenation.com/blog/161378/around-globe-us-military-bases-generate-resentment-not-security. When a napalm bomb explodes, it ignites an enormous fireball that burns everything in its path. Military spending: A poor job creator. The war of social media," Popular Science, 288 (2 . For example, the F-35 fighter aircraft has been plagued with management problems, huge cost-overruns, [and] substantial performance shortfalls, according to a recent news report (Kaplan, 2012). Many antiwar protests in the United States focused on the civilian suffering from napalm. These actions did destroy the countryside, but they also destroyed humans. Here are the top 10 popular social issues of 2022. Tirman (2012, p. 107) writes, Surviving Koreans from the onslaught described in detail the chaotic panic they experienced; having believed the Americans were protecting them, they then saw the U.S. troops fire indiscriminately at men, women, and children at the scene. At the end of the three days, about four hundred civilians lay dead. Other experts echo President Eisenhowers concern over the size of the military budget (Bacevich, 2011; Korb, Rothman, & Hoffman, 2012; Lochhead, 2012; Wheeler, 2009). One of the most obvious problems is war, which, I would argue, has become obsolete. In World War II, Tirman adds, the United States dropped two atomic bombs that killed tens of thousands of civilians, and it joined its allies in the carpet bombing of German and Japanese cities that also killed hundreds of thousands. Those two weapons were tiny in both number and size compared to nuclear weapons today. Third, most people are not violent, and most soldiers have to be resocialized (in boot camp or its equivalent) to overcome their deep moral convictions against killing. The United States, of course, began with the colonial war against England. Wars occur both between nations and within nations, when two or more factions engage in armed conflict. US military spending amounts to more than $1 trillion annually. Because it took place in Iraq, many more Iraqis than Americans died or were wounded, and the war certainly affected Iraqi societyits infrastructure, economy, natural resources, and so forthfar more than it affected American society. However it is calculated, the US military budget is by far the highest in the world and in fact accounts for 43 percent of the worlds military spending. Levy, J. S., & Thompson, W. R. (2010). US veterans: By the numbers. Rape, sexual assault, and sexual harassment in the military: The quick facts. Slate. China ranked a distant second at $119 billion, followed by the United Kingdom at $60 billion and France at $49 billion (see Figure 16.3 International Military Spending, 2010). Historically and also today, nations in the Middle East and elsewhere have gone to war or are otherwise in conflict because of religious differences. Once they were evacuated, their villages were designated free fire zones, and then often bombed indiscriminately once again, killing any villagers who managed to remain in these zones despite the evacuations. Social science issues related to war. Ledbetter, J. Retrieved http://www.cnn.com/. The Navy plans to purchase twelve of these submarines. In fact, rape and sexual assault are the leading cause of PTSD among women veterans, while combat trauma is the leading cause of PTSD among male veterans. Discretionary spending involves the money the president and Congress must decide how to spend each year and includes federal income tax dollars only. Arias, O. Friends Committee on National Legislation. Four decades later, questions of deceit were again raised after the United States began the war against Iraq because of its alleged possession of weapons of mass destruction. Before the war, violent labor strikes were common in Britain and other European nations. The enormity of war has long stimulated scholarly interest in why humans wage war (Levy & Thompson, 2010). In M. D. Cavelty & V. Mauer (Eds. The Validity Crisis: Dysfunctions in Social Psychological Science Go Way Beyond Failed Replications Here is a brief sampling of additional problems that threaten the integrity of social. Although she survived, it took seventeen surgeries to turn her whole again. Although war is a social phenomenon arising from decisions of political and military officials, other phenomena can make it more likely that these officials will decide to go to war. Planes sprayed and bombed these chemicals. As just one example of such waste, a 2011 federal audit found that cost overruns over the prior two years had added at least $70 billion to projected costs of various weapons systems (Drew, 2011). To get a more accurate estimate of how many such crimes occur, sound social research is necessary. Washington, DC: Congressional Research Service. This book has emphasized that children are often the innocent victims of various social problems from the time they are born, with important consequences for their futures. WAR AND RESEARCH IN SOCIAL SCIENCE 363 the basic data of the social sciences are the be-havior patterns of human beings, which exhibit that variety conditioned by the unique nervous organization known as the human . Retrieved from http://business.time.com/2012/02/07/why-we-should-help-veterans-start-their-own-businesses/. Issues include but are not limited to poverty, achievement motivation, dropouts, homelessness . Actually, we have not had a war between major powers since 1945. social science, any branch of academic study or science that deals with human behaviour in its social and cultural aspects. Perhaps worse, the United States ranks last among the worlds twenty wealthiest democracies in life expectancy and infant mortality and also ranks worst in the risk of dying before age 60. The nation rightly grieved these deaths when they occurred and built monuments, such as the Korean and Vietnam veterans memorials in Washington, DC, that list the names of the dead. The samples are almost entirely of women, given their higher risk of being sexually assaulted. tific Monthly 50: 5-17, 1940. The Nation. The American Civil War, also called the War Between the States, then tore it apart less than a century later. A poem about napalm, reportedly written by members of the US First Air Cavalry, surfaced during the war. The U.S. military does not need or want all officers to become social scientist researchers, but applied social science can nevertheless help develop strategic thinking because it: (1) focuses on human behavior and influence; (2) develops comfort with competing theories; (3) requires creativity; and (4) uses evidence and iteration to better . When one woman who was raped by two soldiers in Iraq told her commander, he threatened her with a charge of adultery because she was married (Speier, 2012). To do so, it routinely deployed chemical weapons such as Agent Orange (dioxin, a known carcinogen), napalm, and white phosphorous. This latter fact needs some explanation. Victims of military rape deserve justice. Figure 16.3 International Military Spending, 2010. Between 1861 and 1865, at least 618,000 and perhaps as many as 750,000 soldiers in both the Union and the Confederacy died on the battlefield or from disease. When the war began, a sort of truce developed between management and labor, as workers wanted to appear patriotic by supporting the war effort and hoped that they would win important labor rights for doing so. Union of Concerned Scientists. Key features include: Boot, M. (2012). Unwarranted Influence: Dwight D. Eisenhower and the military-industrial complex. However, later investigation revealed that the attack never occurred and that the White House lied to Congress and the American people (Wells, 1994). Answer preview to identify two social science issues related to war. Drew, C. (2011, March 30). Now, all I see is blood (Herdy & Moffeit, 2004, p. 4). Bikeshedding Bikeshedding is the tendency for groups to focus on solving trivial problems while neglecting larger problems. Social issues news. Americas defense meltdown: Pentagon reform for President Obama and the new Congress Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press. A social studies essay might be assigned to any middle school, high school, or college student. In 2010, more than 19,000 US military personnel, most of them women, were raped or sexually assaulted (Stalsburg, 2011). Our services Expert answer:SNHU Social Science Issues Related to War and Educ by | Feb 16, 2022 | Uncategorized Solved by verified expert:Identify two social science issues related to war. The article presents major trends and turning points in the growth of five social science disciplines in the country: anthropology, economics, political science, psychology and sociology. The Second World War triggered a series of rapid and far-reaching social changes in Newfoundland and Labrador. Oscar Arias, a former president of Costa Rica and a winner of the Nobel Peace Prize, echoed these famous words from President Eisenhower when he wrote a decade ago that US military spending took money away from important domestic needs. Social science is the scholarly study of human society and social relationships. Sometimes, as with the US entrance into World War II after Pearl Harbor, these decisions are sincere and based on a perceived necessity to defend a nations people and resources, and sometimes these decisions are based on cynicism and deceit (Solomon, 2006). It identifies important work by historians that calls into question the assumption that all social science during the Cold War amounts to "Cold War social science." These historians attribute significant agency to social scientists, showing how . Social studies is an integrated research field. Federal spending includes both mandatory and discretionary spending. What do you think is the worst problem that veterans have faced in returning from the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan? Sexual assault in the US military: A review of the literature and recommendations for the future. SNHU Social Science Issues Assignment ORDER NOW FOR AN ORIGINAL PAPER ASSIGNMENT: SNHU Social Science Issues Assignment Identify two social science issues related to war. Social Problems by University of Minnesota is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License, except where otherwise noted. Why. Answer (1 of 10): Brief answer: The principles of social science have to be the same as natural science --- natural laws. Do you think the US military budget should be increased, be reduced, or stay about the same? (2012). Retrieved February 17, 2012, from http://www.globalissues.org/issue/73/arms-trade-a-major-cause-of-suffering. A major reason for this problem was that the Pentagon had begun building these systems before their designs had been completely tested. For example, the Iraq war that began in 2003 involved two countries more than any others, the United States and Iraq. For example, the deaths of so many soldiers during the American Civil War left many wives and mothers without their familys major breadwinner. Fourth, military waste in the form of cost overruns from poor accounting and other management failures is rampant. San Francisco Chronicle, p. A6. Veterans of the Vietnam War came back to a nation that often did not greet them as heroes. "We need people who understand the tremendous technical problems and controversies that we face, but also that technical problems are never just technical. Choose one of the five social institutions. 147 Social Studies Topics for Your Research Project. (2011). The two atomic bombs dropped by the United States over Japan during World War II killed tens of thousands of civilians. Turchik, J. Retrieved from http://www.thenation.com/blog/165487/job-numbers-are-veterans-are-left-behind. A., & Wilson, S. M. (2010). Noting that the military budget today exceeds the average budget during the Cold War, they think military spending is far higher than it needs to be to ensure the nations defense with the Soviet Union no longer a threat. (2011). Looking after the soldier, back home and damaged. This diversion of funds is unfortunate, but it might still be necessary if the high level of US military spending is needed to ensure the nations security. Solomon, N. (2006). Retrieved from http://abcnews.go.com/Politics/us-veterans-numbers/story?id=14928136#14928131. To illustrate this trend, compare two periods of history (Pinker, 2012). Retrieved from http://www.alternet.org/world/151337/are_we_giant_suckers_while_the_us_blows_money_on_the_military,_europe _spends_dough_on_social_programs. While neglecting larger problems rapes and sexual assaults editorial process for papers school, high,. 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