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I have a dream today! Start your next presentation with an open question. on [date] / in [year]. Repeat a key phrase around 5 times throughout the speech, the phrase should be short – "Virtual reality is changing the world". Messages and words are remembered best in groups of three. Presentation 1. 83 6. Hypophora. You can add these in after your first draft of the speech has been written. òäÙÍÙÁٳ٣”£„xl]„£K£;£ h&c. Useful phrases for presentations and speeches Beginning the presentation/speech Good morning everyone. Careful use of language has produced many powerful speeches over the years. a diary entry). F aö $If $If ' 0 &P 1�Ô °ƒ. This is a good literary technique to use for the key message of your speech. Don’t just list rhetorical or stylistic devices, but always explain their function and their effect on the reader/listener. This adds dramatic emphases on the words he is saying in these paragraphs. For greatest impact on your audience, combine this with alliteration. Task 1: The text at hand / the given text is [an extract/excerpt from] … [a short story/speech/newspaper article/novel/poem a.s.o.] Writing a Review. And repeat critical points as if they were a musical refrain. Useful phrases The lists below offer general phrases that can be used in many kinds of research papers. All good presentations start with a strong introduction. Task 2: In the following, I’m going to … [say what you are about to do, e.g. This is indicated by l./ll. In my opinion… For this reason… I feel that… I am sure that… I have a dream that my four little children will one day live in a nation where they will not be judged by the colour of their skin but by the content of their character. Couple words in groups of three with alliteration for maximum impact, such as “They grew up with a long, lasting, love for each other.”. 52 Phrases to Improve the Flow of Your English Presentations The Introduction. Edit for the jewels. ", Stylistic Devices (Rhetorical Devices, Figures of Speech), Literary Techniques and Figures of Speech. If you want to make your speech purr like a well tuned engine, you better grease it up with transitions. It is poking and prying with a purpose.” – Zora Neale Hurston” By providing evidence of research, readers can trust what you write is concrete, accurate to the best of your knowledge, and reliable. I have a dream that one day every valley shall be exalted, and every hill and mountain shall be made low, the rough places will be made plain, and the crooked places will be made straight; “and the glory of the Lord shall be revealed and all flesh shall see it together.”. / Q i Œ ® È î + V f ‚ ­  ò % Planned use of language has a major impact on how your speech is received by the audience. It is often said that ... For the great majority of people ... Reasons for giving this presentation/speech. For additional literary techniques, check out these links: Spend time planning which of these language techniques you will use in your speech. Always be looking for places to tie back and reinforce earlier points. The final level of the analysis consists of Introducing the first point Let us start by considering the facts. Nevertheless, one should consider the problem from another angle. This section allows you to thank all the people who helped you with the project. L./ll. How are you? “Research is formalized curiosity. He/She goes on by [+ gerund]… He/She speaks about / discusses / gives his (her) opinion on … / expresses his (her) view concerning … / holds the view that … / comments on … / presents the thesis that … / draws (come) to the conclusion that … Use the present tense; don’t quote; use neutral language, i.e. (…) suggest(s) that … as it is said that … … Don’t forget to sum up your main results. stating that …]. / Z z š à ı û õ ï ï ï ï ï õ ï ï ï õ ï ï ï ï ï ï õ ï ï ï ï ï õ ï $If $If ş à ô ^ ƒ ® Î ç è ü ( L V ‡ ® ó B \ … Á H S v ¼ ` ¨ Ö ù ù ù ó ù ó ù ù ó ù ù ó ù ù ù ù ù ó ù ù ó ù ù ù ù ù ù ù $If $If ? In fact, I’m leaving. The text/story/speech can be divided into / is divided into / falls into / is composed of / contains / consists of […] parts / paragraphs / chapters / sections. Concluding one can say / In brief / To put it in a nutshell / From all this follows that … (etc.) Note: The numbering below follows the numbering of the parts in the Guidelines for writing a paper. When analysing the structure of a text: The text/story/speech can be divided into / is divided into / falls into / is composed of / contains / consists of […] parts / paragraphs / chapters / sections. don’t evaluate; use your own words / paraphrase. Saying the right words at the right time, and in the right way, can achieve a specific impact. Emphasise a product or service by describing it with three words – "Our software is faster, cheaper and easier to use". Use questions throughout and leave pauses after, letting the audience think about an answer. We shall fight on the beaches, we shall fight on the landing grounds, we shall fight in the fields and in the streets, we shall fight in the hills; we shall never surrender. Antistrophe – The repetition of words at the end of successive sentences, “the love of peace, the toil for peace, the strife for peace, the pursuit of peace“. Using phrases like "I think" or "It seems that" don’t convey a sense of confidence in her position. Once you start writing a persuasive speech, you need to be careful as it demands careful planning and fact-based presentation to convince your audience. I get a lot of questions about writing essays, and I’ve taught hundreds of students how to write effective essays (which get good grades). Alliteration – Churchill uses repetition of letters to emphasise the dark time Europe was in, “I see also the dull, drilled, docile, brutish masses of the Hun soldiery plodding on like a swarm of crawling locusts” and “your grisly gang who work your wicked will.”. : … As one can read in l./ll. It’s been great, hasn’t it? For addition detail on these speeches, check out this article on speeches that changed the world. Here are a few devices you can employ for your next speech. Rule of Three – Churchill uses this literary technique in many of his speeches, “This is not the end. ÿÿ ÿÿ ÿÿ ¤ ` ` ` ` ` ` ` t 8 t $ ˜ $ t Ë' º È È " ê ê ê ê ê ê J' L' L' L' L' L' L' $ …) h í+ ‚ p' ` ê ê ê ê ê p' ` ` ê ê …' ¨ ¨ ¨ ê â ` ê ` ê J' ¨ ê J' ¨ ¨ r T ` ` ê ¼ à�‚ĞjVÊ Ì j J' ›' 0 Ë' x � o, Ì Ü o, o, ` 4 ê ê ¨ ê ê ê ê ê p' p' ¨ ê ê ê Ë' ê ê ê ê t t t ¤ $ t t t t t t ` ` ` ` ` ` ÿÿÿÿ Useful phrases for analysing texts In general: “bedient sich adäquater Mittel der LESERLEITUNG” = Vor-, Quer- und Rückverweise, e.g. Repeat a key phrase around 5 times throughout the speech, the phrase should be short – "Virtual reality is changing the world". The general/essential/main idea expressed is … The [author/writer/speaker/poet] starts off by [+ gerund, e.g. Anaphora – The repetition of the phrase “we shall fight” can be seen in the transcript snippet. In Speech101 you learned that every speech has an opening, body and conclusion. : In the following, I’m going to … [= tell your readers what you are about to do] As I said before / in the beginning … (etc.) One of the most common mistakes that I see is a lack of opinion. Speech Writing Tips and Outline Examples. Anaphora – Repetition of the “I have a dream” phrase at the beginning of each sentence. ÿÿ ÿÿ ÿÿ ˆ ö ö ö ö ö ö ö Writing an Annotated Bibliography 4. Is there anything concerning this topic you would like to ask me? You usually DON’T quote in task 3, but for a re-creation of text task it might be necessary to refer to the text again (e.g. Hammer home key words, phrases, and themes. This adds impact to sentence just before or after the pause. Speech Writing: Useful phrases, links and conjunctions How could you/we possibly…? Writing a Statement of Purpose 3. When writing an introduction speech for public speaking, consider first what tone you are trying to convey and to what type of audience. Writing a Case Study 3. Use the Rule of Three. In the first / […] / last part the author varies the theme / changes the topic / goes into detail / passes from … to … When characterising: The author describes the characteristics / outer appearance / intellectual qualities / mood / activities / social and psychological condition / character traits of … The author gives a realistic / detailed description of / only gives a rough description of .. Me was trying not to be an outcome of my violent past, but the separation that had already … Once your child has figured out the techniques she can use in her persuasive writing, she will need to find some words and phrases that help her to be convincing. s } ˜ Ú ù ù ó ù ù ù ù … ƒ n kd $$If –F Ö Ö0 ºÿ�b% Ô Ô Ö0 ÿ ÿ ÿ ÿ ÿ ÿ ö 6Ö ÿ ÿÖ ÿ ÿÖ ÿ ÿÖ ÿ ÿ4Ö å written by […] [and published in (the New York Times etc.) Writing Guides for Students. I can say: It is to wage war, by sea, land and air” and “You ask, what is our aim? For greatest impact on your audience, combine this with alliteration. I can answer in one word, it is victory”. This word / phrase / expression refers to / underlines / emphasises / means / stands for … When referring to the text: As it is written in l./ll. V For mastering the terminology and phraseology specific to a field, regular reading of the relevant literature is necessary. Metonymy – The phrase “The let freedom ring from Stone Mountain of Georgia… Let freedom ring from Lookout Mountain of Tennessee… Let freedom ring from every hill and molehill of Mississippi“, King uses these well-known racist locations to enhance his point. Could your conscience cope with…? I’ve been blown away by the whole thing. I have a dream today! Do you want to be part of…? Showing transparencies, photos etc. The character is described / presented / characterised as … The basic traits of A’s character are … One of A’s striking characteristics is … When analysing rhetorical / stylistic devices: The author makes use of / employs … This is done in order to stress / put emphasis on / emphasise / draw attention to / highlight … The author wants to involve the readers/listeners by [+ gerund] / convince them of … He/She wants to appeal to (e.g. Writing a Personal Statement 8. That will allow you present a speech that people will not only listen to with rapt attention but also remember long after you’ve left the stage. ö B ö B ” à B ” à h à H ö ö H B 6 ĞÄÛDË p H h , å 0 H ; p p ; H ö ö ö ö ; ö H B B à B B B B B º º Writing a Research Paper. The arguments we have presented ... suggest that .../prove that .../would indicate that ... From these arguments one must .../could .../might ... conclude that ... All of this points to the conclusion that ... What conclusions can be drawn from all this? And so even though we face the difficulties of today and tomorrow, I still have a dream. Giving more details I'd like to elaborate on this aspect/point Please allow me to expand on that. Not only do transitions allow you to move between the main parts of your speech, they also allow you to move from point to point within the body. The first / […] / last part / paragraph / sentence constitutes / gives us / comprises the introduction / central problem / principal part / solution. Once in a while every student is asked to write a speech and perform in front of the audience. Writing a Scholarship Essay 3. Beginning the presentation/speech. You can take either formal or informal tone; you won’t be penalized. read between the lines. In writing a speech, repetition is the key to leaving an impression. Good morning everyone. Make it easy for readers of your text to follow your argumentation! 6 Writing a Term Paper 4. I have a dream that one day even the state of Mississippi, a state sweltering with the heat of injustice, sweltering with the heat of oppression, will be transformed into an oasis of freedom and justice. 3. Writing a Memoir 2. à Speech 9. °ÈA!°n"°n#�7$�7%° � $$If – !v h5Ö Ô5ÖÔ#v Ô:V –F Ö0 ÿ ÿ ÿ ÿ ÿ ÿ ö 6ö 5Ö Ô4Ö 4Ö Try not to repeat what you’ve already written in task 1. It is about / deals with / treats of / describes / is concerned with / presents … [topic = general topic, no details!]. Over 2 million. Speech B: For a long time, there was me, and my body. ¾ I have a dream that one day on the red hills of Georgia, the sons of former slaves and the sons of former slave owners will be able to sit down together at the table of brotherhood. Process Paper 11. It is not even the beginning of the end. task!] Are we to believe that…? ü h2!ã . Look for the key moments in your speech that will stimulate the hearts, minds and even stomachs of your audience. in case you’re asked to refute an argument etc.) Start your next speech with a rhetoric question – “Who here has used a virtual reality headset?”. I will enlarge upon this later / in the next paragraph … (etc.) Acknowledgements and Appendix: There is no standard way to write acknowledgements. the readers’ conscience) … He/She wants to imply / implies that … He/She wants to arouse interest / simplify / illustrate … He/She refers to an example He7She makes use of / employs / uses formal / informal / colloquial words / expression / language. ĞÏࡱá > şÿ 5 7 şÿÿÿ 4 ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿì¥Á 5@ ğ¿ bjbjÏ2Ï2 ) ­X ­X t A technique used frequently by politicians, a word needs to be said on average 5 times before the audience begins to take in what is being said. where it is said that … This can be proven with l./ll. We shall fight in France, we shall fight on the seas and oceans, we shall fight with growing confidence and growing strength in the air, we shall defend our island, whatever the cost may be. It engages the audience and gets them thinking about your speech early on. Instead, she needs to use word combinations that show how much she believes in what she is writing. Guess the Speech: Five of the best speech opening lines. Further research; Click here for the academic phrases and vocabulary for the conclusions and future work sections of the research paper… 7. ĞÏࡱá > şÿ > @ şÿÿÿ = ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿì¥Á q` ğ¿ Ê bjbjqPqP . In this article, you’ll learn 10 effective phrases that you can use to give your opinion in your Today, we are in danger of losing that reputation.”. Here is a sample of research writing in action, with citations given. We shall go on to the end. Is it really worth…? Laboratory Report 1. Use the present tense in your analysis only; use your own words; always PROVE what you’re claiming by REFERRING to the respective lines. The first / […] / last part / paragraph / sentence constitutes / gives us / comprises the introduction / central problem / principal part / solution. Contrasting two points, such as “Ten years ago we had a reputation for excellence. I have a dream that one day, down in Alabama, with its vicious racists, with its governor having his lips dripping with the words of “interposition” and “nullification” — one day right there in Alabama little black boys and black girls will be able to join hands with little white boys and white girls as sisters and brothers. Emphasise a product or service by describing it with three words – "Our software is faster, cheaper and easier to use". Don’t be afraid to wait 3-5 seconds before speaking, adding maximum impact to your words. 42 5. It is a paragraph from a research essay: PAGE PAGE 2 9b E (Fb) " # $ / 1 _ c  ‡ ¨ × ¦ ê ë ì í õ . Do you really think…? Me was composed of stories, of cravings, of strivings, of desires of the future. … characterise Molly while putting special emphasis on the reasons for her behaviour in this excerpt… cf. Speech writing is not very much different than writing a paper; thesis statement, support of the thesis, and a conclusion. Ask a question then immediately answer it – "How many virtual reality headsets were sold last month? Doesn’t everyone know that…? * : : › . 2 But it is, perhaps, the end of the beginning” and “Never before in the field of human conflict was so much owed by so many, to so few”. Hyperbole – King uses the words ‘all’ and ‘every’ many times, exaggerating his point, “when we let it ring from every village and every hamlet, from every state and every city”, Alliteration – used throughout the speech, alliterations add a poetic quality to the speech, for example this sentence “judged by the color of their skin but by the content of their character.”, Amplification – King repeats many of his points a second time, with greater emphasis and explanation the second time, “America has given the Negro people a bad check, a check which has come back marked insufficient funds.”, Martin Luther King, Jr. – I Have A Dream, Winston Churchill – We shall fight on the beaches, Margaret Thatcher – The Lady’s Not For Turning, Elizabeth Gilbert – Your Creative Genius, J. K. Rowling – Harvard Commencement Address. ANALYSE doesn’t mean SUMMARISE, i.e. pro- and counter-arguments + own opinion) or a RE-CREATION OF TEXT (e.g. F œ L @ñÿ L S t a n d a r d ¤.

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